Pope Leo XIV unequivocally condemned antisemitism on Wednesday, reaffirming the Catholic Church’s commitment to combat this issue amid rising tensions following Israel’s military actions in Gaza. During a general audience in Rome, he addressed misunderstandings between Christians and Jews, emphasizing the importance of dialogue and friendship, especially in light of recent conflicts.
The Pope marked the 60th anniversary of the Vatican’s landmark declaration, known as “Nostra Aetate,” which transformed the Catholic Church’s relationship with the Jewish community. This document, whose title translates to “In Our Time,” denounced antisemitism in all its forms and repudiated the long-standing charge that Jews were collectively responsible for the death of Christ. Such beliefs had fueled antisemitism for centuries, with the Church acknowledging its historical role in perpetuating these harmful views.
In his address, Pope Leo quoted from “Nostra Aetate,” stating, “The Catholic Church decries hatred, persecutions, displays of antisemitism, directed against Jews at any time and by anyone.” He reiterated that his predecessors had consistently condemned antisemitism, and he stressed that the Church does not tolerate it, aligning his stance with the Gospel itself.
He acknowledged that misunderstandings and conflicts have arisen during this period but insisted these should not hinder ongoing dialogue. “Even today, we must not allow political circumstances and the injustices of some to divert us from friendship,” he stated. His comments come in the context of a notable surge in antisemitic incidents, particularly linked to the conflict in Gaza following the October 7, 2023, Hamas attacks.
According to the Anti-Defamation League, the United States recorded a record high of antisemitic incidents last year, with 58% of the 9,354 incidents connected to Israel. This included protests where antisemitic chants and signs were prevalent. Such developments have strained the Vatican’s relationship with the Jewish community, especially during Pope Francis’s tenure, as some of his comments were perceived as equating the actions of Hamas with Israel’s military response.
Pope Leo XIV’s recent meeting with Jewish leaders and representatives of other religions highlighted the importance of continuing interfaith dialogue during these challenging times. Upon meeting these leaders, he emphasized the unique bond Christians share with Jews and the necessity to maintain dialogue despite ongoing conflicts.
Rabbi Noam Marans, director of interreligious affairs at the American Jewish Committee, praised the Pope’s acknowledgment of the issues facing Jewish communities today. Speaking in Rome for the anniversary celebration, Marans expressed hope for a stronger stance from the Vatican against antisemitism. “Never in the relationship of Catholics and Jews since ‘Nostra Aetate’ has the Jewish people been more in need of friends who commit themselves to combating antisemitism,” he said.
He further remarked, “The Catholic Church has one of the largest megaphones available. It has moral suasion that is unparalleled. We hope that they will use all of the tools in their arsenal to double down in that effort.”
The Pope’s statements reflect a significant moment in interfaith relations, emphasizing the crucial role that religious leaders play in combating hate and fostering understanding. As antisemitism continues to rise globally, the Catholic Church’s renewed commitment could serve as a vital countermeasure in promoting peace and friendship among communities.
